countries the level of outsourcing reached its limits at the beginning of the new millennium. At the same time, the offshoring … expenditures approach that allows us to consistently analyse the role of i) outsourcing, ii) offshoring and iii) changes in final …

This study investigates the impact of international outsourcing to low? and high income countries on total factor … international outsourcing of material inputs to low income countries is significantly negatively related to productivity growth …. Furthermore, while the narrow measure of international outsourcing of materials is not significant, purchased services from abroad …

Considering the sector bias of International Outsourcing within a 2x2 framework, four different scenarios appear. Each … superiority of a wage vs. an outsourcing-effect, general equilibrium effects of two scenarios are assumed to be ambiguous … in all four scenarios appear, supporting the sector bias of International Outsourcing. -- International Outsourcing …

This paper studies the impact of outsourcing on individual wages in three European countries with markedly different … and construct comparable measures of outsourcing at the industry level, distinguishing outsourcing by broad region …. Estimating the same specification on different data show that there are some interesting differences in the effect of outsourcing …