Germany, Italy, the UK, Denmark, the US, and Taiwan. We divide household including elderly into five types: living alone …

perspective and considers household retirement incomes in the light of analysing old-age poverty and designing (minimum) pension … policies. Using household survey and administrative data, the paper examines actual needs of pensioner households in relation … if old-age poverty analysis integrates other household incomes. The German government intends to implement the Grundrente …