contribute to the gender wage gap, and how institutional elements - especially family policies - affect this relationship. Our … analysis is based on a decomposition that reveals what portion of the gender wage gap may be attributed to: (1) the motherhood … wage penalty, (2) the fatherhood wage premium, and (3) the gender wage gap among childless individuals. Our findings …

Research on the gender earnings divide so far mostly focuses on the gender gap in hourly wages which, due to its … snapshot nature, is inappropriate to capture the biographical dimension of gendered pay. With the 'gender lifetime earnings gap …, women accumulated 49.8 % less earnings than men. Thus, the GLEG is more than twice as high as the current German gender pay …

Most existing analyses on the gender wage gap (GWG) have neglected the establishment as a place where inequality … the individual and consider the importance of the workplace to explain gender pay differentials. That is, we first provide … employees), but look at within-firm gender wage differentials. Our results indicate that the mean GWG within firms is smaller …