international (and internal) migrants, both in terms of the ease of obtaining proficiency in the destination language and access to … linguistic enclaves, (2) the determinants of destination language proficiency among international migrants, based on a model (the …This paper provides a review of the research on the ‘economics of language' as applied to international migration. Its …

destination among international migrants, the determinants among immigrants of destination language proficiency, and the labor …This chapter reports on the “economics of language” for immigrants—that is, the influence of language on the choice of … market consequences of that proficiency, as expressed in their earnings. Immigrants tend to take language differences across …

specialized occupations. Compared to non-migrants, immigrants receive more than twice the return for using English. Returns depend … crucially on speaking German well, thus excluding many first generation migrants and are found to occur particularly in service … occupations that involve international factor flows. In such occupations it is likely that migrants can apply complementary skills …

-receiving countries such as Canada, the US, and Australia are critically evaluated. The expanded use of skilled temporary foreign workers … temporary migrants already in the country as sources of permanent immigration. An overview of key results in the literature on …

We estimate the effect of language training on subsequent employment and wages of immigrants under essential … heterogeneity. The identifying variation is based on regional differences in language training availability that we use to … into language training than immigrants with lower gains. We document up to 15% higher employment rates and 13% wage gains …