This paper analyzes the GATT negotiations during the Uruguay Round and shows that France was induced to accept a more free trade oriented package due to her integration into the European community. The importance of the European economic and diplomatic relationships led France to accept a GATT...

German open-ended real estate funds have net asset values that sum up to €120 bln invested in Germany and abroad. To increase transparency in this dominant investment sector within Germany, IPD has extended the available performance fund indices and now publishes a fund indicator covering the...

In 2009 the Frankfurt based Eurex traded the first property future. Eurex is the international derivatives exchange and is jointly owned by Deutsche Börse AG and SWX Swiss Exchange. Consequently, returns on commercial property are now available in an exchange environment within Europe. The...

Germany has attracted substantial real estate investments from abroad within the last years. Furthermore, German investors have also invested again a higher percentage of their capital earmarked for real estate at home. Therefore it has to be examined whether the German real estate returns have...

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to examine the changing risk structure of German open-end funds using semi variance based performance measures. Design/methodology: The analysis focuses on an appropriate benchmark and compares classical performance measures with LPM based measures....

Real estate investments have become international. Therefore also the returns have to be judged in an international comparative context. The question arises whether the returns of the German real estate market have justified the investments by domestic and foreign investors? The answer is: Yes...