This paper evaluates the impact of reference pricing on prices and co-payments in the (German) market for off-patent pharmaceuticals. We present a theoretical model with price-sensitive and loyal consumers that shows that a decrease in the reference price affects the consumers' co-payments in a...

Die deutliche Tendenz sinkender Preisprämien im Zeitverlauf stellt differenzierende Unternehmen angesichts begrenzter Möglichkeiten versteckter, d.h. von den Kunden nicht wahrnehmbarer Leistungskürzungen, vor neue Herausforderungen. Am Beispiel der deutschen Automobilindustrie sollen...

I derive and estimate a model for cover price setting in print media markets where actors are faced by two interrelated demand curves: the demand for the print medium and the demand for advertising space. Publicly available data on German women's magazines observed between 1998 and 2001 are used...