bonus is defined as the discounted value of the difference between a person's actual income and his or her counterfactual … real income stream forecast for a hypothetical continuation of economic life in a static GDR. The two main issues tackled … centralized to a market economy and the estimation of plausible counterfactual income streams. Our central result is that 19 …

Not all regions in Germany are affected by income poverty to the same extent and when attempting to identify areas … which are particularly prone to poverty, it is important to take regional price differentials into account. Applying the … yardstick of this purchasing power poverty reveals the larger cities to be particularly deprived areas. By contrast, the east …

The main task of the analysis is a comparison of the income development of employees in the private and public sector …

We consider the link between poverty and subjective well-being, and focus in particular on potential adaptation to … poverty. We use panel data on almost 45,800 individuals living in Germany from 1992 to 2011 to show first that life … satisfaction falls with both the incidence and intensity of contemporaneous poverty. We then reveal that there is little evidence …

We consider the link between poverty and subjective well-being, and focus in particular on the role of time. We use … satisfaction falls with both the incidence and intensity of contemporaneous poverty. Second, poverty scars: those who have been … poor in the past report lower life satisfaction today, even when out of poverty. Last, the order of poverty spells matters …

Between 1991 and 2015, the real disposable, needs-adjusted income of persons in private households in Germany rose by … 15 percent on average. The majority of the population has benefited from the growth in real income, but the groups at the … lower end of the income distribution have not. Inequality in both market and disposable needs-adjusted household income has …