We propose the so-called domestic "embodied unit labor costs" (EULC) at the country-sector level as a new cost-related basis for measures of international competitiveness. EULC take into account that a sector's labor costs constitute only a small share of its total cost which to a large extent...

The nature of international trade has changed significantly. For centuries, trade concentrated on the exchange of finished goods. It now increasingly involves bits of value that are added at different locations to combine into one final product. Therefore, trade in functions or tasks are of...

The ‘cluster theory’ has become one of the main concepts promoting regional competitiveness, innovation, and growth. As most studies focus on measures of concentration of one industrial branch in order to identify regional clusters, the appropriate analysis of specific vertical relations...

Für den langfristigen Strukturwandel wird erwartet, dass die Dienstleistungen zunehmend an Bedeutung gewinnen. Dies war in Deutschland seit 2000 nicht zu beobachten. Der Exportboom hatte vor allem die Industrie begünstigt. Dass dabei aber auch der Dienstleistungssektor profitieren konnte,...

Gegenstand dieser Studie ist ein Vergleich und eine Bewertung von Methoden zur Messung der Produktivität des staatlichen Leistungsangebotes, also von Leistungen die nicht über einen Markt bereitgestellt werden. Die Produktivität gibt das Verhältnis der Ausbringungsmenge (Output) zur Menge...

Industriellen Clustern wird in der ökonomischen Literatur vielfach die Rolle von Motoren der wirtschaftlichen Entwicklung von Regionen zugeschrieben. Dabei existieren unterschiedliche Herangehensweisen innerhalb der empirischen Untersuchung dieses Phänomens. Überwogen bisher spezifische...

The nature of international trade has changed significantly. For centuries, trade concentrated on the exchange of finished goods. It now increasingly involves bits of value that are added at different locations to combine into one final product. Therefore, trade in functions or tasks are of...

The current globalisation process is characterized by the emergence of global value chains. That is, production processes are becoming increasingly geographically fragmented. Not only are final goods traded internationally, but in particular, trade in intermediate goods and services has...