This article summarises the results of a study on the Germany energy crisis and the need for an extension and modificationsof the electricity price break. The study shows that the energy crisis led to a short-run output loss comparable to the output losses as-sociated with the COVID-19 crisis in...

In an evolutionary approach to macroeconomics, the market disequilibrium dynamics resulting from structural change need to be properly represented at the aggregate level. As suggested by the late F.A.Hayek, a suitable equilibrium concept required to this end as a frame of reference, is that of a...

This article summarises the results of a study on the Germany energy crisis and the need for an extension and modificationsof the electricity price break. The study shows that the energy crisis led to a short-run output loss comparable to the output losses as-sociated with the COVID-19 crisis in...

In 1999 the red/green administration in Germany induced an ecological tax reform, which burdens energy consumption and uses the tax revenue to reduce social security distributions. As in other countries the design of the taxation does not follow textbook considerations, but is marked by many...

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In January 2005, the ban on tuition in Germany has been declared unlawful. As a result, many 'Lander' developed plans to introduce tuition fees as soon as possible. It is shown in this paper, that the impact of tuition is very different among states. The willingness to pay varies not only by...

We document an increase in the scoring probability from penalties in soccer, which separates the time period before 1974 significantly from that after 1976: the scoring probability increased by 11%. We explain this finding by arguing that the institution of penalty-shooting before 1974 is best...

Kirchliche Arbeitgeber diskriminieren ihre Beschäftigten und Bewerber nach Merkmalen, nach denen andere Arbeitsgeber es nicht dürfen und meist auch nicht mehr wollen. Denn die Kirchen schaden sich damit vor allem selbst, während die Diskriminierten inzwischen anderswo willkommen sind und gute...

Wir untersuchen die Mittelschicht in Österreich und Deutschland, wobei ein besonderer Fokus auf den Veränderungen der vergangenen 20 Jahre liegt. Es wird gezeigt, dass sich die Mittelschicht in Deutschland und Österreich in ihrer Zusammensetzung hinsichtlich Bildung, Familienkonstellationen...