Sustainable development of cities is the overarching objective of spatial development and planning activities by municipalities. The key term in this context has become the concept of integrated spatial development planning as the basis for achieving sustainable urban development. However,...

This study investigates major features of land-use strategies that German municipalities have adopted to attract innovative firms (IFs). In this context a two-stage competition model is introduced: firstly a municipality should solve economic and interest conflicts related to its preference for...

In the German automobile industry the vertical integration, as an indicator of value added, is on average low. Beyond the argument of relative high labour costs for manufacturing, several specific reasons for the level of vertical integration, linked to the flexibility of business administration...