While productivity growth in electricity generation is associated with multiple positive effects from an economic and … environmental perspective, measuring it is challenging. This paper proposes a framework to estimate and decompose productivity … estimation based on stochastic non-smooth envelopment of data (StoNED) allows for productivity estimation with few microeconomic …

terms of productivity and technical efficiency than universities that did not apply for the program, albeit these dimensions …-oriented universities jointly gained productivity through increased competition between them. …