and types of benefits), the professional care work force, and informal caregivers. Finally, we document expenditures on … cost of nursing home and home health agency, reached 61 billion euro in 2019. Half of these spending are for nursing homes …. Out-of-pocket expenditures make up only about 7% of total expenditures for home care. In nursing homes, 41% of …

enactment. We find that formal care is more likely to be used by those in the poorest health, the single, or the childless. The …