As a result of the global economic crisis and the situation in the EU, as well as that of the Russian-Ukraine conflict, the Baltic exports have decreased toward these countries, while there is a slight increase in exports to other regions, mainly to Asia, meaning that Asian developing countries...

The international empirical evidence on the economics of education reveals one central insight and two puzzles, which are all relevant for the case of the Baltic States. The central insight is that social rates of return to education tend to be higher than the social opportunity costs of...

Estland, Lettland und Litauen haben seit 1997 relativ starke Produktionszuwächse zu verzeichnen. Die Inflationsraten liegen konstant bei etwa 10% und die Haushaltsbudgets sind nahezu ausgeglichen. Nach einer ziemlich erfolgreichen Transformationsphase konzentrieren sich die Politiker der...

The economics of corruption: an overview / George T. Abed and Sanjeev Gupta -- pt. 1. Causes and consequences of corruption. Corruption around the world: causes, consequences, scope, and cures / Vito Tanzi -- Bureaucratic corruption and the rate of temptation: do wages in the civil service...

Intro -- Contents -- Foreword -- Acknowledgments -- Contributors -- 1 The Economics of Corruption: An Overview George T. Abed and Sanjeev Gupta -- Part I Causes and Consequences of Corruption -- 2 Corruption Around the World: Causes, Consequences, Scope, and Cures Vito Tanzi -- 3 Bureaucratic...

This volume presents 18 recent IMF research studies on the causes and consequences of corruption, as well as how it can most effectively be combated to improve governance, increase economic growth, and reduce poverty. The authors examine how civil service wages affect corruption, the impact of...