although there has been substantial economic growth, only a relatively small group of the new middle-income countries have … poverty line. The patterns of growth, precarity, and structural change underlying the emergence of the world's two middles are …This paper discusses the emergence of two new middles since the Cold War, namely middle-income countries and people …

, especially from EMEs like China, spurring trade tensions and protectionist measures. The paper investigates the conflicting …This paper surveys the literature on the relationship between international trade and inclusive growth. It examines … claims that the rise in inequality in many countries can be attributed to the concurrent rise in trade competition …

alive, enterprises afloat, and households out of poverty. The pandemic has macroeconomic dimensions. First, it affects … macroeconomic stability and growth. Second, the tools of macroeconomic policy-fiscal and monetary policy together with debt … concludes that the pandemic could reinforce the existing trend towards higher social inequality. …

In this paper, we present new projections for a range of global poverty-related Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs …), specifically, extreme monetary poverty, undernutrition, stunting, child mortality, maternal mortality, and access to clean water … and basic sanitation. Our projections, based on economic growth forecasts, take into account recent global shocks such as …

This chapter reviews the empirical evidence on the levels and trends in income/consumption inequality and poverty in … discussion of their determinants. There has been tremendous progress in the measurement of inequality and poverty in the … on average the levels of national income inequality in the developing world increased in the 1980s and 1990s, and …