Women are more likely than men to work in the informal sector and to drop out of the labor force for a time, such as … productivity, increases women's vulnerability to income shocks, and impairs their ability to save for old age. Many developing … countries have introduced social protection programs to protect poor people from social and economic risks, but despite women …

children in the income distributions, and to calculate child poverty prevalence, to assess how far children receive transfers … concentrated in the lower quintiles and have higher child poverty prevalence than for adults, but receive lower social protection … both universal and targeted, anti-poverty, outcomes. Different versions of simple static and purely arithmetic micro …

. The paper underscores the principles of the poverty focus of social assistance and presents an overview of existence … evidence of first- and second-order effects of social assistance, particularly in the domains of poverty, education, health and …

Notwithstanding the unprecedented attention devoted to reducing poverty and fostering human development via scaling up …

Poverty maps are a useful tool for the targeting of social programs on areas with high concentrations of poverty …. However, a static focus on poverty ignores the temporal dimension of poverty. Thus, current nonpoor households still face … substantial welfare volatility and are at risk of becoming poor in the face of shocks. We combine the methods of poverty mapping …

development, economic growth and of millennium development goals (MDGs) for poverty reduction, education and health development in …