This paper is about 40 sovereign nations, spread across Africa, Asia, and the Caribbean. All are at the lower or lowest ranks of social and economic development. All need infusions of technologic and other know-how. A major subset of all poor or emerging countries their commonality with all its...

This paper examines the hypothesis: Nations where French is the dominant second language, lag significantly behind in social, economic, and particularly in technological development. The countries examined are located on different continents Asia, Africa (North and sub-Sahara), Europe, and in...

The policies of the Ottoman Empire and of its successor the republic of Turkey, have always considered technology transfer (TT) from abroad to be an important means for development. In late 18th century, the Ottoman Empire transferred some technology to improve its army. Contemporaneously there...

Transfer of Technologies (TT) takes place among various kinds of players, takes on various kinds of modalities and is done for various motivations. Its literature is very disjoint and disparate. It transcends several academic disciplines and professions. This paper presents a taxonomy defining...