In this paper we study the macroeconomic aftermath of large exchange rate appreciations. Using a sample of 128 countries over the period 1960-2008, we identify 25 episodes of large nominal and real appreciations shocks. We use narrative identification of exogenous appreciation episodes and study...

More than 170 years ago, Frédéric Bastiat noted in his masterly work Economic Sophisms that the “opposition to free trade rests upon errors, or, if you prefer, upon half-truths.”1 Ever since Adam Smith successfully replaced mercantilist orthodoxy with free trade doctrine in his celebrated...

In this paper we develop a two country general equilibrium extension of the Stockman (1980)-Lucas (1982) equilibrium exchange rate model. This optimising framework gives us the opportunity to analyse the effect of foreign direct investment on trade and welfare of both the investor and the...

This paper assesses the dynamics of developing and emerging countries external debt and financial vulnerability. It is argued that, although current account positions do have a role in accumulating external liabilities, developing countries' vulnerability primarily lie in their increasing...

Despite an initial reversal of capital inflows, the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in relatively mild impacts on net capital flows to Emerging and Developing Economies. In contrast to previous crises, gross capital inflows offset residents' outflows, resulting in relatively stable net capital flows...

Backus, Kehoe and Kydland in their analysis of the dynamic effect of terms of trade on the trade balance found that the lead and lag correlation between these two variables is S-shaped for a set of OECD countries. Furthermore, they show that this S-curve can be replicated by a two-country...

The actual potential of Mode-4 could not be exploited for the benefit of developing countries that enjoy comparative advantage in this mode over others. The developed countries have offered almost nothing in the Mode-4 negotiation despite liberalizing labor mobility via other mechanisms. So far,...