, depending on whether it appears in the form of rises in income or in education: A higher income level reduces democracy, whereas … more education leads to both more democracy and more repression. These theoretical findings are corroborated by panel data …

aid generally supports rather than hinders democracy building around the world; ii) aid modalities influence the … literature on aid and democracy. It asks: Does aid-especially democracy aid-have positive impact on democracy? How? What factors … most influence its impact? In so doing, it considers studies that explicitly focus on 'democracy aid' as an aggregate …

This paper throws new light on the relationship between income and democracy. Using data for 162 countries over 1960 … support. These findings are robust to, among others, using night-lights instead of GDP, different democracy measures and …