Sovereign Development Funds’ (SDFs) dual mandate of pursuing financial or commercial objectives alongside long-term strategic and developments goals presents several challenges. First, SDFs must identify why private capital are not allocated at sufficient scale to target sectors – which...

In this paper, we dissect with great acuteness contemporary insufficiencies of the IFS (2008) definition of the financial system and conclude from sound theoretical underpinnings and empirical justifications that the foundation, on which it is based, while solid for developed countries, holds...

Hitherto financial drivers of human development have been unexplored by the UNDP. This paper assesses determinants of human development from financial dynamics of depth, efficiency, size and activity on data from 38 developing countries. While the importance of financial activity, size and depth...

Financial development indicators are often applied to countries/regions without taking into account specific financial development realities. Financial depth in the perspective of monetary base is not equal to liquid liabilities in every development context. This paper introduces complementary...

U.S. public and private debt is traced to the decision of the First Congress in 1790 to borrow the new nation's money supply. This established a debt imperative that requires debt to grow by compounding interest. When debt fails to grow enough, the economy goes into various degrees of recession....

This paper analyzes the impact of debt forgiveness on economic equilibrium. Since the root cause of an economic crisis is debt, eradicating the root may solve the problem. However, it does not prevent future crises from occurring. It is found that debt relief in a global scale can help reach...

This study examines and analyses the phenomena of unskilled temporary male labour migration from Bangladesh to Malaysia by focusing upon the decision making process, its economic and social impact at the point of origin, and the significance of the role of networks at origin and destination....

The exchange rate policy considered as one of the most important macro-economic policy instruments, for it constitutes along with other policies an effective mechanism to protect the local economy from internal and external shocks. As a result, the importance of looking for the optimal model,...

Hitherto financial drivers of human development have been unexplored by the UNDP. This paper assesses determinants of human development from financial dynamics of depth, efficiency, size and activity on data from 38 developing countries. While the importance of financial activity, size and depth...

Financial development indicators are often applied to countries/regions without taking into account specific financial development realities. Financial depth in the perspective of monetary base is not equal to liquid liabilities in every development context. This paper introduces complementary...