Although the theoretical literature often uses lobbying and corruption synonymously, the empirical literature … associates lobbying with the preferred mean for exerting influence in developed countries and corruption with the preferred one … suggest that (a) lobbying and corruption are fundamentally different, (b) political institutions play a major role in …

factors as potent determinants of opportunistic behavior, corruption, and capture of government officials. Only now are these … relationships becoming conventional wisdom among specialists in economies in transition. Ten years into the transition, corruption … available data on the incidence of corruption and on institutional development, they provide preliminary evidence on the link …

Although the theoretical literature often uses lobbying and corruption synonymously, the empirical literature … associates lobbying with the preferred mean for exerting influence in developed countries and corruption with the preferred one … suggest that (a) lobbying and corruption are fundamentally different, (b) political institutions play a major role in …