welfare and poverty rates through job losses, labor income changes, and non-labor (remittance) income changes during 2020 in … or consumption across the distribution, a decline in the middle class, and increased poverty, but no other clear pattern …

and poverty. Net direct and indirect taxes combined reduce the Gini coefficient by 0.0644 points and the headcount ratio … from 13 to 5 percent. Taxes and transfers are similar in their effectiveness in achieving their inequality … their potential. Taxes are especially effective in raising revenue without causing poverty to rise, indicating that the poor …

employment contracts and little public social support, the population in DCs is hard hit by income losses so that poverty in DCs … this context and will the trade patterns of DCs change in consequence of the COVID-19 pandemic? Third, how has poverty and …

This chapter reviews the empirical evidence on the levels and trends in income/consumption inequality and poverty in … discussion of their determinants. There has been tremendous progress in the measurement of inequality and poverty in the … developing countries. It includes a discussion of data sources and measurement issues, evidence on the levels of inequality and …

Using comparable fiscal incidence analysis, this paper examines the impact of fiscal policy on inequality and poverty … targeted at the rich. While fiscal policy always reduces inequality, this is not the case with poverty. Fiscal policy increases … using a US$4/day line (over and above market income poverty). Net direct taxes are always equalizing and net indirect taxes …

This paper analyses the effectiveness of tax-benefit systems in reducing poverty and inequality across 13 countries in … to poverty and inequality. Additionally, we assess gender disparities in outcomes, quantify the distributional effects of …

case studies rather than cross-country regression analysis; (ii) the phenomenon of increasing inequality; (iii) different …) alternative modes of redistribution in face of inequality increasing tendencies. …