The Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic has already wreaked havoc on the international economy in numerous ways, differentiating itself in particular through its impact on the “real world” economy as opposed to financial market-specific damage. Both developed and developing countries are seeking...

This working paper attempts to examine the economic nature of encroachments in developing countries by considering the context of Pakistan. In the tradition of De Soto (2000), the question of encroachments is framed in terms of the “mystery of capital,” in that developing economies such as...

The domain of aviation is already a centerpiece of global economic life, and its importance to socioeconomic activity continues to grow by leaps and bounds, which is why the concept of the aerotropolis, as urban design centered around an aviation hub, has gained renewed attention. This working...

This paper seeks to highlight key issues pertaining to debt relief and moratoria under the Debt Service Suspension Initiative (DSSI), including the importance of debt relief under public resource constraints in the developing world, the difficult trade-offs of capital markets access and accruing...