The grant of monopoly patent protection is justified normally as a means for giving incentive for innovation. Market driven innovation is not necessarily equitable, however, and the development concerns over the international intellectual property regime governing the products of medical...

Direct Air Capture technology coupled with geological storage (‘DACS’, also ‘DACCS’) has recently emerged as one of the main carbon dioxide removal (CDR) needed to reach net-zero targets. If deployed at scale, DACS would result in ‘negative emissions’ which would preclude the need...