Despite extensive policy discussion, limited empirical literature is available concerning the impacts of infrastructure on human development. Furthermore, major infrastructure services, such as transport and energy, are missing in the current Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) framework;...

We introduce a new indicator of urbanization called the ”The Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index).” The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten Main Structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1: Economic...

We introduce a new indicator of urbanization called the "The Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index)." The GCD-Index calculation is based on the Concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten Main Structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1: Economic and...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Bangkok, Thailand. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of San Jose, Costa Rica. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of City integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Paris, France. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1:...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Berna, Switzerland. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Jakarta, Indonesia. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main...

We apply the Gross City Development Index (GCD-Index) by Ruiz Estrada and Park (2019) in the case of Berlin, Germany. The GCD-Index calculation is based on the concept of city integral sustainable development platform. The platform consists of ten main structures, which are (i) Main Structure-1:...