This paper examines the tensions that exist in financial inclusion policy between donor approaches founded on market modernism and governments with more activist leanings. It draws on political economy analysis – now frequently used by donors themselves – to demonstrate the underlying...

Recognising that aid effectiveness critically depends upon the quality of host country institutions and policies, international aid agencies have sought to inform their activities through more systematic political economy analysis (PEA). Three analytical frameworks for PEA are compared,...

1. Appraisal and its place in performance management -- 2. The aims of appraisal : organisational and individual perspectives -- 3. Performance -- 4. Assessing performance, the person and the situation -- 5. Designing appraisal systems -- 6. Appraising, identifying and developing potential -- 7....