Effectiveness can always be measured only in relation to a specific, pre-defined goal or goal system. In the case of aid effectiveness, this system should be the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which are now recognised by all relevant stakeholders as the central objectives of international....

This is an update and revision of our 2009 study. Using a broad dataset and an original methodology, this paper reports composite development gaps across economic, social and institutional sectors. We define development gap as the distance between the observed and the expected development level...

The current article explains the research and development (R&D) policies of Korea that the Government pursued in the national innovation system to develop the technology level in the process of rapid economic growth. The efforts to build various research institutes, provide tax incentives and...

More than five years have elapsed since the onset of the Great Recession and to distress of all those affected by the slowdown, a decisive turning point continues to recede into the future. Growth rates are low in the OECD countries (1.25% in 2012-2013) and increasingly sluggish in the...

In modern world the significance and the understanding of different kinds of social policy and key actors are of extreme importance in development of strategic and program documents. The role and contribution of local authorities to social policy implementation is examined through the example of...

Donor aid organizations (DAOs) are multi-layered and multi-dimensional bureaucracies with many departments trying to find solutions to problems for countries, investing staff resources and effort into having an effect. A department may come into conflict with other departments because of...

This paper uses an keyword-in-context analysis of words and phrases used in the sections of World Bank and UNDP annual reports that discuss general approaches to development to show how the range of considerations deemed relevant to development have expanded over time to include a heavy emphasis...

Energy-based economic development (EBED) can provide economic, social and environmental benefits related to national economic development and sustainable growth activities. As both policy and research interests in responsible mechanisms for economic development grow, EBED benefits are becoming...

Much of development policy has been based on the search for a short to do list that would get countries moving. In this paper I argue that economic activity requires a large and highly interacting set of public policies and services, which constitute inputs into the production process. This is...

Development is the most important challenge facing the human race but the processes driving economic development are by no means fully understood. However, the core challenge for development is to ensure productive work and a better quality of life for all the people of the World. This challenge...