The rise of the fourth industrial revolution (IR) is deeply embedded in a wider context of privatization of knowledge, rising costs of innovation and uneven distribution of capacity between countries. But debates on a ‘balanced' policy framework to tackle these issues have until now floundered...

The Australia-India Comprehensive Economic Cooperation Agreement presents a significant and unique opportunity for India and Australia to strengthen their digital trade relationship. Although certain areas — including cross-border data flows/data localization, customs duties on electronic...

This paper introduces a new measure to approach the accessibility of places in the frame of the digital economy. Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) and the Internet are not equally spread around places and this heterogeneity affects spatial configuration. Despite the wide societal...

An assessment of South Africa's digital economy has been launched as part of the World Bank Group's digital economy for Africa (DE4A) initiative, which leverages an integrated and foundations-based diagnostic framework to examine the present level of digital economy development across Africa....

The issues and challenges in taxation in the digital economy stem from the complex and multifaceted nature of the digital economy. Reaching a common understanding and measurement of its size and impact is critical in devising a tax regime for the digital economy. In APEC Secretariat (2019), the...