Wer heute ein Fahrzeug oder eine Maschine reparieren will, braucht Zugriff auf Daten und Schnittstellen. Für viele Handwerksunternehmen wird „Zugang“ zur Schlüsselfrage der digitalen Wirtschaft. In dieser Studie wird herausgearbeitet, welche Regeln derzeit dafür gelten. Dabei zeigt sich:...

This article analyses the crucial role of user data for digital markets contestability and presents policy proposals devised to address growing concerns about the dominance of data-rich incumbents in digital markets. To this end, we discuss a data-driven theory of harm that would warrant ex-ante...

In recent years, countries across the African continent have begun implementing solutions based on Information and Communications Technology (ICT) for challenges ranging across the spectrum of sustainable development. The programs which have been implemented so far have produced impressive...

The digital transformation has had a profound impact on international trade, lowering barriers to internationalisation and contributing to growing trade competitiveness, but at the same time making international trade transactions more complex. Distinctions between goods and services and between...