This paper presents a non-radial directional distance function approach to modeling energy and CO2emission performance in electricity generation from the production efficiency point of view. We first define and construct the environmental production technologies for the countries with and...

The directional distance function (DDF) framework has been widely used to estimate the marginal abatement cost (MAC) of CO2 emissions to support decision-making in environmental sustainability and climate change issues. In the use of DDF, an important task is mapping evaluated entities towards a...

This paper employs directional distance function to evaluate the technical efficiency of twenty major Chinese airports from 2006 to 2009 within a joint production framework of desirable and undesirable output (i.e. flight delays). The results indicate that the overall average efficiencies of...

This paper looks at carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from the point of view of production theory and proposes a new total factor CO2 emissions performance index. This is done using directional distance function followed by stochastic frontier analysis techniques in order to estimate the index....