This paper examines how interstate banking deregulation affects mortgage lending to minorities. I find that the … mortgage approval rates for African Americans, compared with other borrowers, decrease after interstate banking deregulation. I … also find that the effect is only present in out-of-state banks, but not in in-state banks or non-bank lenders, suggesting …

expand access to formal credit. We obtain loan application level data from an Indian bank. To overcome the selective labels …

Technology has changed how discrimination manifests itself in financial services. Replacing human discretion with … algorithms in decision-making roles reduces taste-based discrimination, and new modeling techniques have expanded access to … human involvement in the development process, and their opacity and complexity can facilitate statistical discrimination …

Can relationship-lending technology be used to overcome discrimination, as the Allport's (1954) contact hypothesis … suggests? Or should minorities stay away from the bank? Using a sample of SMEs from the Survey of Small Business Finances 2003 … provide collateral for a loan, use of such technology actually leads to greater discrimination against minorities. Asians are …