This paper reviews the accumulated theory and evidence on the sources of European underperformance in terms of economic growth and unemployment. It takes the view that the main problem lies with labor market institutions, ranging from negotiation structures to hiring and firing costs,...

In this paper we draw upon a recent body of evidence, with particular reference to material produced in the context of an ongoing OECD project on growth. We present an international comparison with special attention given to development in trends of labour productivity, allowing for human...

In this paper we consider a range of topics which connect exchange rates to the economic growth process. In particular, we first of all outline the basic properties of exchange rates when they are flexible. One key feature of flexible exchange rates is that they are highly volatile and such...

This paper discusses some of the recent developments in growth theory, doing so from the perspective of a small open economy. After setting out a basic generic model, we show how it may yield two of the key models that have played a prominent role in the recent literature, the endogenous growth...

This paper discusses possible links between monetary arrangements -in particular monetary union- and economic growth. It is stressed that growth depends ultimately on how the real economy works: there is no monetary magic that can conjure up growth. But monetary policy can contribute to...

This paper argues that previous empirical work on the explanation for Hong Kong's export Growth, by focusing on the values of the estimated price and income elasticities, has failed to provide a full account. It is necessarily also to look at changes in the explanatory variables in the model,...

This paper examines the linkage between the incentives to work and to invest in human capital through education. These incentives are shown to be mutually reinforcing in a simple stylized model. This theoretical prediction is investigated empirically using three large micro datasets covering a...

The paper considers the issue of whether a supranational fiscal policy in Europe is needed, and, is so what responsibilities it should undertake. The literature on endogenous growth and the principle of subsidiarity suggest that such a policy should be limited to externalities or economies of...