In this paper we analyse vertical industry linkages and the extent to which these work as channels for externalities. First, activity based externalities stemming from output growth and output level in vertically linked industries are tested for. Second, we aim at revealing the importance of a...

This paper studies city size in a developing country. The country consists of two regions, a city producing a manufactured good and a rural area producing an agricultural good. Manufacturing can take place either formal or informal sector, the formal sector being characterized by increasing...

This paper presents estimates of total factor productivity growth for 55 manufacturing industries over the period 1927 to 1959. The long-run rate of growth in TFB is about 1 per cent per year for total manufacturing, but there are considerable variations in TFP growth rates acros industries and...

New indices of manufacturing output in Norway for the years 1927 to 1948 are presented. The new output estimates show a trend rate of growth of output for the period 1927-1939 that is 0.8 per cent higher per year than the growth rate based on the official index. These findings reinforce the view...

Through we have some evidence that relatively closed economies are likely to have disappointing long-term economic growth rates, empirical research indicates that partial trade liberalization between more open economies has ambiguous growth effects. In the present model there are two countries,...

The paper focuses on how localised external, economies of scale created by knowledge spillovers, encourage industrial agglomeration and cause uneven technological development internationally.