mortality levels among countries and are particularly sensitive when broken down by population subgroups. For instance, despite … on Income and Living Conditions (EU-SILC) and mortality data from the Eurostat database. We then quantify the magnitude … of Portugal, indicating favorable health and mortality conditions in Poland. However, Poland's greater relative number of …

isolation index and mortality, which is much stronger in Eastern countries. While all of our pooled countries estimates ranged … between a 20 to 30% increase in the mortality hazard for the socially isolated, that number jumps to 45% for the Eastern … observe. Up to 13 percent of the effect of baseline social isolation on mortality can be imputed to the combined one …