Recent advances in telecommunications, particularly using fibre technologies, permit many services based on data …-processing to be performed anywhere in the world. They thus become tradable and subject to the laws of comparative advantage. A good … to create a level playing field between the country's former telecommunications monopolist and foreign competitors and …

In this paper, we begin a discussion of the possible costs of ‘non-Europe’ in the telecommunications field. As part of … those costs is likely to result from failures to exploit comparative advantage, we review some basic models of trade theory … applicable to telecommunications services, and measures of effective protection in the presence of non-tradable inputs. We then …