Several U.S. states have attempted to use of legal liability imposed on greenhouse gas emitters as a public policy … for climate change liability: as a source of compensation, as a direct influence on greenhouse gas concentrations, and as … liability may be that the threat of liability improves the chances that climate change policies will use more efficient, revenue …

introduces strict liability for rating agencies. This liability proposal is at odds with the aim to strengthen competition in the … rating sector and could have a chilling effect on capital markets. The paper analyses existing rules on civil liability of …