European cities' growth rates were strikingly different in the decades 1950-1990, during the long phase of macro-economic expansion and controlled institutional evolution ensured by the construction of the European. To the extent that most cities were anyway following a development trajectory...

This paper assesses the Euro's influence upon European trade by estimating two different indicators. The first is the so-called "Rose Effect", while the second is the "Border Effect". The former measures how much a country within a currency union trades more with its partners than with...

The paper proposes a modelling approach for euro area goods and services trade volumes and prices on the basis of a break-down of trade data into their intra- and extra-area components. Using the evidence from the newly estimated trade equations, the paper gives new insights into two important...