, successful lobbying in the complex decision-making system of the EU is much more the result of the intermesh of content … competence (the four "classic instruments" of lobbying: corporate representative of-fices, associations, public affairs agencies …

member states. This reverse lobbying creates a two-channel logic of trade policy lobbying in the EU. Corporate actors have a …. Protectionist lobbying therefore goes through the national route, with corporate actors working to block liberalization by affecting … Lobbying hat Folgen für die Inhalte der Unternehmensforderungen im Bereich Handelspolitik. Wirtschaftliche Akteure können ein …