Christian Grube analyses the value potential of patent protection of knowledge-based competitive advantages. His findings show that complex licensing contracts represent a profitable strategy to exploit the value of patented inventions and that bibliographic patent data can support the valuation...

This paper presents a model aimed at measuring intellectual capital as the potential knowledge of a country and apply it to the European Union. The method consists of activating accountable expenses, assumed to generate knowledge. In order to do so, efficiency indicators are used, derived from a...

The activities of multinational enterprises (MNEs) have become an increasingly important feature of the euro area economy, affecting output, trade and financial linkages. MNEs contribute to domestic output by maintaining large production facilities, offering high-paid jobs, bringing in new...