This paper compares the degree of openness to trade of three developed countries markets-the European Union, Japan, the United States-with that of three middle-income countries, namely Brazil, India, and China. A theoretically consistent protection measure - the Mercantilistic Trade...

This article draws from the Executive Summary of “Pathways to Deep Decarbonization in Italy”, the Italian Country Report which was published within the “Deep Decarbonization Pathways Project (DDPP)”, an initiative of the Sustainable Development Solutions Network (SDSN) and the Institute...

This paper deals with the EU's trade policy with two objectives: on the one hand, we study the performance of EU's preferential agreements in granting their partners improved market access; on the other hand, we assess the extent to which domestic sectors are effectively protected. As far as the...