Die Unterscheidung zwischen gemeinsamen durch die EZB verantworteten geldpolitischen Maßnahmen des Eurosystems und eigenen, nicht-geldpolitischen Operationen der nationalen Notenbanken der Euro-Mitgliedstaaten stellt eine Besonderheit der Europäischen Währungsunion dar. Das jetzt...

Modern central banks increasingly value monetary policy transparency, and attempt to build credibility by communicating their decisions to the public. This paper studies whether the communication of central banks can be used to explain upcoming changes in their most important monetary policy...

This article presents a comparative study of central paths' projections of Consumer Price Index (CPI index), core inflation and monetary policy-relevant inflation measure (MPRI) in the central banks of Sweden, Norway and Czech Republic. The analysis refers to the possibility of using core and...

An increasing number of central banks implement monetary policy via two standing facilities: a lending facility and a deposit facility. In this paper we show that it is socially optimal to implement a non-zero interest rate spread. We prove this result in a dynamic general equilibrium model...

The euro and the European Central Bank (ECB) are inextricably linked at the institutional level, yet public opinion diverges: support for the euro remained high even at the height of the crisis while trust in the ECB saw a steep decline. How can we explain divergences between support for the...

The classical cost-saving argument for fiduciary media as suggested among others by Adam Smith and David Ricardo has been turned into an argument for an unbacked fiat money system by the early Milton Friedman. It holds that the production of commodity money, such as gold, is inefficient, as it...

The history of banking refers to the development of banks and banking throughout history, with banking defined by contemporary sources as an organization which provides facilities for acceptance of deposits and provision of loans. Today, far too many banks create silos for each channel –...

In the present paper fundamental changes in monetary policy strategy, especially in leading industrialized countries, from concentrating on development of the quantity of money to focusing strictly on developments of interest rates and interest rate levels is analysed in the case of the European...

This article reviews and explains the recent policy reactions of the Federal Reserve, the European Central Bank, the Bank of England, and the Bank of Japan to the financial and macroeconomic turmoil caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The financial and monetary policy actions of major central banks...