volatility of both inflation and unemployment differentials. Finally, we show that it is important to take into account the …

volatility of both inflation and unemployment differentials. Finally, we show that it is important to take into account the …

, could not only push up CPI inflation but also affect its volatility. Existing empirical literature has only found that … empirically the effects of carbon pricing on inflation volatility for both carbon tax and cap-and-trade schemes (also known as … emission trading systems). Our work finds strong evidence that cap-and-trade schemes are associated with larger volatility in …

periods of very fast growth. We interpret these results as a sign that price level convergence comes from goods, market and …

We evaluate the short- and long-term effects of different growth-enhancing policy measures implemented in the euro area … by simulating a calibrated New Keynesian model featuring endogenous growth via the private sector's R&D accumulation. We …&D have a positive effect on long-term growth and raise the natural rate of interest. In the short term, these measures can …

sovereign debt crises exposed the limited resilience of the euro area’s economic structures. Economic growth was masking …. Moreover, remaining challenges, such as population ageing, low productivity and the implications of digitalisation, will need … to be addressed to increase economic resilience and long-term growth. …

This paper applies volatility measures and VAR spectral analytic techniques to give a thorough description of the ….The central findings are summarized with regard to (i) national product share, contribution-to-variance and volatility …