There exists a huge amount of literature with regard to the new openness of firms or universities to trigger innovations. Among others the Triple-Helix approach conceptualizes the role of the state to fulfill the demand of social welfare. The state, universities and private companies together...

Shared transport services, including short-term vehicle rentals (bike-, car-, moped-, scooter-sharing) and travel sharing systems (ride-sharing, ride-hailing), have become more and more popular forms of mobility in recent years. Their increasing availability has made them an alternative to...