Around the world many countries are about to break apart, stay together, join in federations or build supranational organisations. The political debate of the European constitution is embedded in this context. The question arises which policies have to be shifted to the central European level...

In spite of the clear objective assigned to the integration process in the 1950s, the institutional status of the European Union remains ambiguous and uneasy to define. The argument that we present in this article is that Europe has always hesitated between two forms of federalism. We use an...

European debates over reform of the fiscal governance of the euro area frequently reference fiscal federalism in the United States. The "fiscal compact" agreed by the European Council during 2011 provided for the introduction of, among other things, constitutional rules or framework laws known...

One of the most difficult issues in cyber conflict is the application of territorial sovereignty and other geographic principles to an activity that defies the traditional notions of borders. The structure of the internet and the protocols by which it operates, including the inability to direct...