Recent studies have debated the impact of investor protection law on corporate behavior and value. I exploit the staggered passage of state securities fraud statutes (“blue sky laws”) in the United States to estimate the causal effects of investor protection law on firm financing decisions...

Investors rely on analyst recommendations when making investment decisions. Over the last few years, however, sell-side analysts have caught the attention of the supervisory authorities given their vulnerability to numerous conflicts of interest. In this paper, we empirically examine relevant...

The global financial crisis highlighted the interconnectedness of international financial markets and the risk of contagion it posed. The crisis also emphasized the importance of supranational regulation and regulatory cooperation to address that risk. Yet, although capital flows are global,...

Since 2010 approximately 40 developing countries and transitional economies imposed interest rate caps. This article analyses the impact of these interest rate caps on microfinance institutions. Introducing the taxonomy of soft, mezzo and hard interest rate caps we take a stance against hard...

The Capital Markets Union (CMU) is one of the flagship policy initiatives of the Juncker Commission. The Commission's strategy for realizing a CMU is set out in its White Paper on building a CMU. Besides describing the Commission's vision of a CMU, the white paper includes an action plan which...

As a result of the establishment of the Single Supervisory Mechanism, the ECB was vested with significant supervisory tasks in the prudential field. The ECB exercises these tasks with a view to contribute to the safety and soundness of credit institutions and the stability of the financial...

The Capital Markets Union is the European Commission's latest policy initiative in the capital markets field. It is a project in the making. Much of it remains to be spelled out and fleshed out. However, the first elements of a future CMU are slowly beginning to emerge. The aim of this paper is...

The establishment of the Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM), as the first pillar of an EU Banking Union, represents a significant step towards greater integration in banking supervision. However, the scope of the SSM is limited to a group of Member States. Member States such as the UK have...

Addressing climate change through mitigation and adaptation measures requires changes in policies, technologies and consumption behaviours towards a low-emissions model of growth. These structural changes require appropriate financial solutions, in order to scale up financial flows that support...

This paper aims to provide guidance to issuers of sovereign ESG bonds, with a focus on Emerging Market and Developing Economies (EMDEs). An overview of the ESG financing options available to sovereign issuers is followed by an analysis of the operational requirements and costs that the issuance...