This paper applies a four-stage data envelopment analysis (DEA) approach proposed by Fried et al. (1999) to measure the operational environment-adjusted efficiency of sixty mutual funds in Taiwan from 2006 to 2010. We adopt the approach for adjusting negative output as suggested by Lovell and...

The Basel III Capital Adequacy Accord (BCAA) will cap government capital injections as qualifying capital at 90% of the nominal amount of such capital outstanding, beginning in 2013, and the cap will decline by 10% during each subsequent year (Eubanks, 2010); this cap is called a capped ratio...