In this paper, we describe the development and current status of anti-manipulation rules as they apply to wholesale electricity and natural gas markets in the United States and the European Union, including the institutions that are responsible for overseeing these rules. We then compare and...

Buyer power effects in competition law remain a relatively unexplored area of the literature and practice. Even more scarce are concentration cases—instances in which the ability of a buyer to decrease the prices it pays for a good by withholding demand or through bargaining tactics play a...

The relationship between privacy and competition law is complex and contentious. May or should compe- tition agencies consider business conduct’s negative impact on privacy when this effect was the conse- quence of a restriction or absence of competition? This contribution critically assesses...

Leading jurisdictions around the world are debating whether the nature of data-driven digital markets and the smart technologies that enable these markets require a re-thinking of how antitrust law applies to digital markets. There are many aspects to consider in this discussion, relating both...

Digital platforms operate in multisided markets providing services through the internet to two or more distinct groups of users, between which there are indirect network effects. Direct network effects are frequently present within each group. Therefore, online platforms usually present both...

The digital economy challenges many of the basic assumptions of competition law. With the rise of big data and big data analytics, one question has become particularly pressing: to what extent should privacy considerations and data protection laws filter into competition law assessments? The...

There are very few industries that can attract the attention of Congress, multiple federal and state agencies, consumer groups, economists, antitrust lawyers, the business community, farmers, ranchers, and academics as the agriculture workshops have. Of course, with intense interest from...

Mergers and acquisitions can lead to anti-competitive structural change in the market place. Despite this detrimental effect, mergers and acquisitions have also the potential to generate significant efficiencies through a better resource allocation and other forms of synergy that either merging...

Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes played as important a part in the development of United States antitrust law as he played in the development of constitutional law for which he enjoys a reputation as a giant in American law. Yet, for the more than sixty years since Holmes's retirement, there has...