The euro is the second most important global currency after the US dollar. However, its international role has not … increased since its inception in 1999. The private sector prefers using the US dollar rather than the euro because the financial … the attractiveness of the euro outside the euro area requires, among others, a proactive role for the European Central …

Austria, Finland and Sweden became members of the EU in 1995. This paper examines how support for the euro and trust in …. Support for the euro in the two euroarea members Austria and Finland has remained high and relatively stable since the … physical introduction of the new currency nearly 20 years ago, while the euro crisis significantly reduced support for the euro …

We propose a new and time-varying optimum currency area (OCA) index for the euro area in assessing the evolution of the … autoregression (VAR) model. We argue that the euro area is more appropriate through the lens of empirical OCA properties when the … relative importance of common symmetric shocks is high, but, at the same time, is not overly dispersed across euro area member …

economic variables determine a given country's currency bloc affiliation. The dollar bloc differs from the euro bloc in that …

The aim of the euro was to speed up the integration process and economic development in Europe. History of euro showed … states. Therefore common interests in euro area were not enough protected. Last global financial and economic crisis showed … clearly main weaknesses of euro and enforced to start to liquidate them. We conclude that resent reforms and enlargement of …

economic variables determine a given country's currency bloc affiliation. The dollar bloc differs from the euro bloc in that …

confronting euro area governments. It suggests that pooling fiscal risks, creating an EU Treasury and issuing jointly-backed euro … advantages and disadvantages of euro bonds and concludes that issuing euro bonds can transform a market that is fragmented along … investors and wealth managers to use euro bond instruments as a tool for payment or transactions needs as well as short …

economic variables determine a given country’s currency bloc affiliation. The dollar bloc differs from the euro bloc in that …