gains. As developing countries face some costs associated with trade liberalization, this paper contributes to the … different means to compensate for the loss in tariff revenues. It turns out to be important to take these costs into … costs by means of tax policy. According to our simulations the most welfare enhancing option would be the provision of …

developing countries face some costs associated with trade liberalization, this paper contributes to the literature by analyzing … compensate for the loss in tariff revenues. It turns out to be important to take these costs into consideration while modeling … accession. The effects can even be negative if the country tries to refinance the trade liberalization costs by means of tax …

adopts the same Most-Favoured-Nation tariff schedule as the EU, we compute the direct and indirect costs of these tariffs … threat to supply and demand linkages across the Channel. In a world of Global Value Chains (GVCs), tariffs might be more …, taking into account the EU-UK GVC-trade patterns. Tariffs would add almost 1 percentage point to the cost of manufacturing …