An inventor's own knowledge is a key input in the innovation process. This knowledge can be built by interacting with … of our new innovation-led endogenous growth model, in which innovations are produced by heterogeneous research teams of … model nests inside the innovation-based endogenous growth model. We estimate the model, which fits the data very closely …

An inventor's own knowledge is a key input in the innovation process. This knowledge can be built by interacting with … of our new innovation-led endogenous growth model, in which innovations are produced by heterogeneous research teams of … model nests inside the innovation-based endogenous growth model. We estimate the model, which fits the data very closely …

We study the causal impact of invalidating marginally valid patents during post-grant opposition at the European Patent … participation of a patent's original examiner in the opposition division as an instrument. We find a disciplinary effect of … invalidation: Affected inventors file 20% fewer patent applications in the decade after the decision. This effect is entirely …

We study the causal impact of invalidating marginally valid patents during post-grant opposition at the European Patent … participation of a patent's original examiner in the opposition division as an instrument. We find a disciplinary effect of … invalidation: Affected inventors file 20% fewer patent applications in the decade after the decision. This effect is entirely …

We present a selective survey of the economic theory of intellectual property rights. After a brief description of the … intellectual property right design. We derive conclusions in the simplest, one-time innovation, case then investigate how these … optimal procurement of innovation are considered. Finally, we sketch enforcement and competition policy issues. …