We develop a framework for analyzing quot;medium-runquot; departures from balanced growth, and apply it to the economies of continental Europe. A time-varying factor-augmenting production function (mimicking quot;directedquot; technical change) with a below-unitary substitution elasticity...

This paper builds on the literature on growth in searching for explanations for the divergent growth performance between the EU countries and the United States. We emphasise the role of R&D investment and perhaps different degrees of elasticity of substitution between capital and labour. We...

In this paper, we measure the effect of changing capital income shares upon inequality of gross household income. Using EU-SILC data covering 17 EU countries from 2005 to 2011 we find that capital income shares are positively associated with the concentration of gross household income. Moreover,...

This paper explores the behavior of profits in the four largest euro area countries (Germany, France, Italy and Spain) and the euro area as a whole, while at the same time considering three main sectors (manufacturing, construction and services) in each economy over the period 1988–2010. The...

This paper reviews potential output from a euro area perspective by summarising the developments according to international institutions and assessing the impact of the crisis. The paper also considers the methodological basis for potential output estimates, and the high degree of uncertainty...

In this paper, we present a three equation supply-side model based on aggregation across sectors with sector specific mark-ups and the technology parameters of the production function. The model has been applied to euro area data from the 1970s assuming that the underlying production function is...

This study quantifies the effect of aging on the age-wage profile, using data from Japan, which is the fastest aging country in the world. Using a model with imperfect substitution among labor inputs in different age groups, we obtain two findings. First, the change in age composition of male...

In 2020, the COVID-19 pandemic disturbed the world's Agri-businesses. Several economies are attempting to demonstrate attempts to maintain agribusiness, the agriculture industry, and marketplaces, but distribution networks, access to markets, and affordable farm goods are still vulnerable. The...

Competition policy in the European Union is built on the principle that the exercise of market power is a source of inefficiency and as such should be prevented or eliminated. According to this doctrine, effective competition exempt from market power is the source of economic growth. Observation...

Assessing the magnitude of the output gap is critical to achieving an optimal policy mix. Unfortunately, the gap is an unobservable variable, which, in practice, has been estimated in a variety of ways, depending on the preferences of the modeler. This model selection problem leads to a...